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PENSACOLA 


River _ (THE NAPLES OF AMERICA.) 


AND ITS 


SURROUNDINGS ILLUSTRATED. 
























































































































































































































































































































































HOUSE AND POST-OFFICE, PENSACOLA. 


meeNEW ORLEANS MOBILE 


\ 
ae | AND 


PEE RESORTS OF THE GULF COAST. 
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COMPILED BY W. D. CHIPLEY, 


General Manager Pensacola R. R. 


BY REQUEST OF THE CONVENTION OF APRIL EIGHTEENTH. 





SSS ee : ee 


| Dg PUBLISHED FOR FREE DISTRIBUTION. 
COURIER-JOURNAL PRESS, LOUISVILLE, 





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SLHE ATR BREATHES UPON US HERE MOST SWEETLY.” 


HOW TO GET THERE. 

































































FTEN with the tourist, 
() still more frequently 
with the pleasure-seeker, 
and always with the in- 
valid or emigrant, the 
question, ‘‘How shall I 
get there,” is of the first 
importance, not being 
secondary to the desti- 
Zz nation. It seems, then, 
“aes a f entirely appropriate to 

= give first the best route 
to Florida, and tell after- 
wards of the soft, balmy 
© atmosphere, and the attractions for the sportsman 
Y with rod or gun. ‘Travelers from Pittsburg and 
- Cleveland, and west thereof, find their shortest line 





































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































1 f)\ta/ Ne 


FORT BARRANCAS, 







| - we to Jacksonville via Montgomery, Alabama. 
Consider these figures: 


: 

N 

} 

S 
oe BMEEECINCLY LOM) ACKGOHVINIG, % i094. Fo) Pre ecole ol ape iar 425. miles, 
ht Ber Caer etO PENSACOLA, i.) tice ele 5 accwa ee oe co ge 2) O09 males, 
whee) Difference in favor of Pensacola, .°... ..... . . 262 miles, 


Travelers from all the great Middle and North-western States must go 
to Montgomery to get to Jacksonville, if they are ticketed by the short 
line. Arriving at Montgomery, they can reach the Land of Flowers, at 
Pensacola, within seven (7) hours, against twenty-five (25) hours, the best 
known time to Jacksonville. 

At Pensacola, the resident of a colder and less genial clime will enjoy 
the most perfect transformation. The senses are rapt by the novelty 

%) 


4 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 





of the surroundings, the suddenness and entirety of the change. As will 


be shown later, the traveler will experience, in addition to the charms of » 


climate, attractions and excitements unknown to other parts of Florida. 


from the East, passengers will find the distance by the most direct. 


routes as follows: 








NewYork to Jacksonville, :27 0 Sieg. ovo BeeW ie eh ny a Se 
New York ‘to Pensacola, i. i000 290 (20.5 Las ee ee 
Difference in favor of Pensacola, 2 % , 0.3 Ge s%4 sea 


With the further difference that Pensacola can be reached by a number 
of lines, all in perfect order, running double daily trains and long lines of 
sleepers, giving fewer changes than are encountered in reaching any other 
point in Florida. 


























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































PALAFOX STREET WHARF, (ILLUSTRATIONS FROM PHOTOGRAPHS.) 


PENSACOLA. 


The splendid Bay of Pensacola, unrivaled for its beauty, depth, and 


security, was discovered by Panfilo-de-Narvaez, in 1525. Various adven- 
turers gave it different names, as Port-de-Ancluse and St. Mary’s Bay, but 
that of Pensacola, which prevailed, was the true name among the Indians, 
the natives of the country. The first settlement was made by the Span- 
iards, in 1686. The first governor was André Arivola, who constructed a 
small fort, called San Carlos, and erected a church upon the present site 
of Fort Barrancas. The French took Pensacola in 1719; the Spanish 
re-took it, and the French again took it in the same year and kept it until 
1722, when it was restored to Spain. In the mean time, Pensacola had 


ee 


PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 5 





been removed to 
the west end of 
Santa Rosa Island, 
near the present 
site of Ft. Pickens, 
where the Spanish 
constructed a fort, 
which afterwards 
was improved by 
the English General 
Haldemand. The 
settlement remain- 
ed on the island un- 
til 1754, when, the 
town being partly 
inundated, the site 
was removed to the 
magnificent loca- 
tion which it now 
occupies. Pensaco- 

































































































































































































































































































































































































































































VIEW OF BAY FROM CENTRAL AVENUE AND SHOT PARK, NAVY YARD. 


la was ceded to the English in 1763, by whom it was laid off in regular 
form in 1765. The town surrendered to the Spanish arms in 1781. On 
the 7th of November, 1814, General Andrew Jackson, with the American 
army, entered the town, when the English fleet in the bay destroyed the 


BARRACKS AT FORT BARRANCAS, 













































































(FROM PHOTOGRAPH.) © 


forts, San Carlos (at 
Barrancas) and San- 
ta Rosa. Spain rec- 
ognized ‘‘manifest 
destiny” in 1819, 
and ceded to the 
United States the 
entire territory of 
Florida. She was 
admitted into the 
Union as a State in 
1845. During the 
war between the 
States, a consider- 
able portion of the 
old Spanish build- 
ings were destroyed 
but many still re- 


6 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 


Nea pe eT We LY ee 4 SS ee ee = aS Sviecd we = : . a 








main, and their quaint appearance strikes the stranger immediately. Since 
the war Pensacola’s advance has been marked. Its population has been 
more than doubled, and its progress in architecture can be seen by the 
illustrations in this book. Extensive docks have been constructed, and 
other improvements accomplished, which stamp .Pensacola as a growing 
city. 


































































































































































































































































































































































































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HE “CITY AND SANTA ROSA HOTELS. 





LUSTRATIONS FROM PHOTOGR APHS.) 





PENSACOLA’S COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE. 


As this publication is for the eye of the pleasure-seeker, invalid, tourist 
and sportsman, but brief mention will be made of Pensacola’s commercial 
importance. Pensacola Bay, spacious enough to accommodate the navies 
of the world, and deep enough to load and discharge the largest vessel 
alongside the railroad docks, renders Pensacola’s position unrivaled. Its 
easy access to and from the Gulf, its direct accessibility to and from the 
Western, North-western, and Central Southern States, must furnish a very 
large regular and rapidly increasing business in transportation to and from 
its ports, not only of lumber, but also of cotton, grain, coal, iron, and all 
the products of the West Indies and South America. ‘| 

It is but necessary to add Pensacola’s Annual Marine Statement for the 
year ending July 1, 1877, to astonish the uninformed. 





Foreign vessels entered. . . . 270, tonnage 200,801, men in crew 4,273. 
American ‘¢ Ss Bee PSTN, cs 35,500, 4 sf 987. 
Coasting”) *§ 8 ek eee lO. &s 59,208, 3s ama Bi 2} * 

Total vessels . . .’ ....590, sh 295,569, cs 6 Tenn 


The value of Exports from Pensacola during the same year amounted to $2,291, 822, 


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il 











































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































S PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 





Consider 7,458 men coming to Pensacola each year from every quarter 
of the Globe, the 1,200 stevedores and assistants who make Pensacola their 
winter home, and its resident population of 6,000, and it can truly be said 
that Pensacola offers more stir, variety, and reality of life than any city in 
Florida. What port in the State, or in America, can show over 200 square 
rigged vessels in its harbor at one time, as is often the case at Pensacola? 
This attraction will steadily enhance, as arrangements are being perfected 
to export iron and coal in increased quantities, via Pensacola; and cotton 
and grain shippers have at last awakened to the remarkable facilities 
that are offered by the port, and the exportation of both has been fairly 
started. 


CLIMATE, HEALTH, SOCIETY, CHURCHES, SCHOOLS. 


Florida has been called the Italy of America, and the thousands who 
have breathed its genial, healthy, life-giving atmosphere will cheerfully 
testify that it is no misnomer. In summer the heat is tempered by a gulf 
breeze of softness and purity unsurpassed, and the thermometer seldom 
reaches 92°. Dr. J. C. Whiting, from thermometrical observations at his 
hospital, in Pensacola, 
gives the following ta- 
ble of mean tempera- 
ture for 1876: 




















January... . <0 epg 
February 0.5 20 Sanse 
March ~.. 7 7p 
April... 223 50 eee 
May) 20.62. dey ae 
June. <.) 9 o J. 
July... 0) Soa 
August’. . 2. Saat 
September. . 5) ig .noatees | 
October. 7.2 5 eae 
November. . . . . 58.89 
December. ‘... - 49.60 


The ‘Indian Sum- 
mer” of the Middle 
and more Northern > 
States closely resem- 
bles a Florida winter, 
and will convey a bet- 
ter idea than can be 
written of a season 
which in Florida ad- 
mits of life in the open 


WINTER RESIDENCE OF A. STODDART, OF 175 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. air, while citizens of 


























PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 9 





the North are hovering 
over great fires or shiv- 
ering in heavy wraps, as 
the rude blasts of winter 
emt to the bone. The 
fact that the thermom- 
eter rarely falls below 
32° fits Pensacola as a 
grand sanitarium for the 
whole country. Three 
times within twenty-five 
years yellow fever has 
scourged Pensacola, but 
in every instance the ep- 
idemic was traceable to 
some ship from an infect- 
ed port. In no instance 
has the disease ever orig- 
inated in the city, nor 
does it ever extend into 
the country beyond the city limits. A proper quarantine always protects 
the city, and in 1875 it kept Pensacola free from fever, even when it was 
raging at the navy yard, where it was carried by a marine who surrepti- 
tiously visited an infected vessel for the purpose of trading. 

Liability to yellow fever being controlled, Pensacola’s baths, boating, 
and fishing are rapidly increasing its popularity as a summer resort. Winter 
and summer its healthfulness is marvelous, except during epidemics. To 
winter visitors the fever is of no concern, as it is gone before they come. 
They luxuriate in a soft, salubrious atmosphere, with health in every 
breath. All classes of chronic diseases, such as diarrhea, dysentery, 


SG 
fi ell % 
A 























Soe 
ANT .AT NAVY YARD. 

















RESIDENCE OF COMMAND 


rheumatism, diseases of the kidneys, and incipient pulmonary cases are 


benefited and relieved by a visit to Pensacola. 

Invalids in the advanced stages of phthysis pulmonalis who have visited 
St. Augustine have experienced the too stimulating effect of the salt air. 
This class will find the same difficulty at Pensacola, with this difference 


_and advantage: They can remove into the interior, and among the piney 


woods breathe the salt air of the gulf modified into gentle zephyrs, which 


_ the invalid may safely inhale, and which never fail to re-animate and ben- 


efit. At the same time the location is not out of the world, but within less 


_ than twelve hours’ journey from the cities of New Orleans, Mobile, Pensa- 


cola, and Montgomery. Statistics testify to the healthfulness of Florida. 
Notwithstanding the fact that so many thousands of consumptives resort 


> 


10 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 





to the State for relief, the proportion of deaths from pulmonary complaints 
in it is less than in any other State in the Union. The census of 1870 
showed that these deaths 
were as follows: 



















































































































































































Massachusetts . . . one in 283 
Maine! 5.) ae So ey 
Vermont. “si Spee ees 
New York’. | 2atpeee eg 
Pennsylvania’... Veen 
Ohio » 2... .°.94.4 Ree on 
California .°. 3 eer 
Virginia... Gee 
Indiana = eee fe 8G 
Illinois - 2.4.) 
Florida>;” 3 eee soy Ao 


The Presbyterian, Meth- 
odist, Episcopal, Baptist, 
and Catholic congregations 
have comfortable church 
buildings. The illustration 
shows the Episcopal Church 
the oldest house of worship 
in the city, having been constructed more than half a cen- 
; tury ago. The system of public schools is liberal and 
efficient, and in addition a number of private schools are well supported. 
Principal among the charms of Pensacola is its society. The people are 
pleasant, refined, and intelligent, and the stranger is surprised at the cor- 
dial hospitality extended from every quarter. 


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Veeeasscusescel o-s sn hom t he@ PemmeceatertirmicterereerMiteenersTSisey) AY ee es 









































HUNTING, FISHING, BOATING, BATHING. 


By consulting the map of Pensacola and its surroundings, the reader will | 
observe the net-work of water-courses, bays, and bayous centering at that — 


city. The water is clear, bright, and beautiful. Surf bathing upon Santa 
Rosa beach as enjoyable as language can express, the salt water bathing in 
the bath-houses of the bay, and: bathing in fresh water as clear as crystal, 
can all be had within a distance of seven miles. One may weary of St. John 
River, which at first impresses the beholder as grand, but soon becomes 
monotonous. How different the broad, beautiful Bay of Pensacola! On 


its rolling waters one can never tire. For lovers of St. John scenery the — 
Santa Rosa Sound offers a magnificent substitute, with Live Oak Planta- 
tion skirting its bank on one side, and only Santa Rosa Island, with its | 


narrow strip of soil, between it and the blue waters of the Gulf of Mexico © 


on the other, The Perdido Bay is one of the loveliest sheets of water in the 


PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. II 





State, rivaled by the Escambia Bay, with its bluffs and ever-movings fleets. 
Any attempt to particularize becomes confusing, as the special beauties and 
attractions of the different bays and bayous are remembered. Escambia 
River is the ‘‘Ocklawaha” of West Florida. The stranger who wishes to 
enjoy a short trip will be pleased as the steamer plows through the broad, 
placid waters of Escambia Bay, and then delighted with the luxuriance of 
the tropical growth as the vessel winds its way up the narrow and tortuous 
channel of Escambia River to Molino. At this point the excursionist can 
take the train and return by rail to Pensacola. 

The fresh water fishing is superb. The waters literally swarm with all 
kinds of fish, notably trout, black bass, and pike. All varieties of perch 
abound, including a special kind, a very game fish, called bream. It is 
not unusual for a good angler to pull out fifty to.sixty of these fish in an 
hour, weighing from a half to one pound. Both in salt and fresh water 
fishing is carried on with pleasure and profit the entire year. In the bay 
and bayous every description of salt water fish abound, and in the season 
fifty cents will purchase half a dozen Spanish mackerel of the size for 
which the epicure pays seventy-five cents for one half in the restaurants 
of New York City. ‘These fish, and the salt water trout, give special 
excitement to those who love a contest with a very game fish. No one 
can claim to have seen what fishing is until they have visited the snapper 
banks off Santa Rosa Island. There the famous red snapper can be 
caught, two at a time, 
weighing from five 
pounds to sixty, as 
rapidly as the line is 
thrown in. The lhmit 
to the quantity catch- 
able is commensurate 
with the physical en- 
durance of the catch- 
er. An illustration is 
here given (from a 
photograph) of four 
fish caught by a party 
in Pensacola Bay. 
One weighing 214 
pounds was drawn 
out after it was killed 
by shooting, by Thos. 
R. Hopkins, No.194 


SPECIMEN OF PENSACOLA FISH. (FROM PHOTOGRAPH ) Fulton st., New York. 













































































































































































































































































12 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 





= —————— ae Saw 


It is claimed that no one can know the flavor of fresh fish until he has 
eaten a Pompano, at Pensacola. Pensacola’s importance as a fishing point 
is best described by 
the true statement 
that its dealers ship 
all kinds of fish to 
Mobile, New Orleans 
and other points, by 
the car load. An- 
other very attractive 
amusement is turtle 
hunting, on Santa 
Rosa Island. It is 
not unusual to find 
as many as 180 eggs 
in one nest. From 
the Junction to Pen- 
sacola, all around 
the city, and oppo- 
site it, in Live Oak 
Plantation, every de- 
scription of game 
can be found, in 
large numbers, including deer, turkeys, and partridges, with an occasional 
bear. It should impress every one that it is not necessary to exile one’s 
self, and endure all the imaginary pleasures of camp life, to secure the best 
possible sport with rod and gun; both are within from one to three hours’ 
drive, sail, or walk of the hotels. The splendid duck shooting at the 
mouths of the rivers, in season, should not be forgotten. Oysters of the 
finest size and flavor are taken in any quantity wanted. Attention has 
been turned to planting the bivalve, with fine results. Last winter, Mr. 
Alexander Stoddart, of No. 175 Broadway, New York, set out 750,000 in 
Bayou Texar, along the water front of his fine estate. 

This chapter would not be complete without mentioning the facilities 
for reaching, via Pensacola, St. Andrews’ Bay, St. Joseph, Apalachicola, 
and other famous fishing grounds and hunting fields of the Florida coast. 

Wild turkeys are seen between the rails of the Pensacola Railroad, and 
along its line partridges roam apparently without fear. From its coaches 
the crack of the rifle can be heard as it brings down a deer. It is when 
the sportsman tires of this game, and desires an encounter with a bear, 
wild-cat or panther, that he needs to seek St. Andrews and the contiguous 
country. 





































































































































































































































































































































































































RUINS OF FORT M’RAE, WITH FORT PICKENS IN THE DISTANCE. 


fists t 


PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 13 








THE VICINITY OF PENSACOLA. 


The pleasure of boating at Pensacola is not confined to fishing or idly 
rolling on the mighty wave, or smoothly plowing the placid waters; but 
added to these charms are the numerous places in the vicinity to go to. 
The stranger who may visit it will not wonder at finding first on this list 
Santa Rosa Island. Upon its beach, mid-day in its overflowing brilliancy, 
makes the beholder feel as if, according to Milton, ‘‘Another morn had 
risen on mid-noon.” ‘The sunset comes with a splendor and glory un- 
known to more Northern climes. As the ever-moving waves roll, with per- 
meated and ever-varying colors, upon the snow-white sand, one feels the 
awful supremacy of the Almighty, and the littleness of man, in a manner 
conveyed by no other sight in nature. While on the island, very few 
visitors fail to find an interest in coliecting shells and sea-beans. Then 
comes a visit to Fort Pickens; this grand and historic old edifice, though 
denuded of a portion of the iron dogs of war that used to bay, not ‘‘deep 
mouthed welcome home,” but roars of defiance, still possesses a multitude 
of pleasant and interesting sights and objects that make a visit there both 
profitable and agreeable. 

Across the bay is the Navy Yard, and just west of the Navy Yard is 
Fort Barrancas. Both are beautiful and will interest the most indifferent. ° 
Added to the novelties to be seen, is the delightful society enjoyed by 
all who know the hos- 
pitable and _ intelli- 
gent officers of both 
the garrisons. Below 
Barrancas is the Pen- 
sacola Light-house, 
illustrated on the 
cover of this book 
from a photograph, 
. and said to be the 
finest light on the 
Gulf. Near by is 
Fort McRae, once 
familiar with all the 
‘pomp and circum- 
stance of glorious 
war,” but where now 
_ the solemn bat reigns 
supreme, in a silence cape" 
only broken by the CENTRAL AVENUE, NAVY YARD. 




































































14 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 





never-ceasing roll of the mighty ocean, as the wild waves dash upon its 
once proud walls. Years ago it was built upon a foundation which seemed 
as enduring as granite, 
but the Gulf threatened, - 
and fora time its fall was 
averted by the construc- 
tion of an immense sea 
wall. The rolling waters 
could not be withstood, 
and the illustrations will 
show the condition of its 
ruined battlements, case- 
mates, ramparts, and 
posterns, which are now 
tumbling to decay. It 
is at McRae that the 
searcher after shells and 
other marine treasures is 
most successful. With 
the old Spanish fort, the 
pretty villages of Milton 
and Bagdad,the LiveOak RUINS OF FORT M’RAE, WITH LIGHT HOUSE IN THE DISTANCE. 
Plantation, bays, bayous, sounds, and rivers, this chapter might be extended 
indefinitely.. Suffice it to say that the visitor at Pensacola must tire of going, 
seeing, enjoying, long before the list of attractive places to go to have been 
exhausted. 





























































































































































































































































































































WEST FLORIDA—ITS LOCATION AND PRODUCTIONS. 


West Florida is in no respect an agricultural country at present, for the 
reason that heretofore the timber interest has absorbed the entire energies 
of the country. The timber wealth is on the surface, but under the surface 
lies hidden wealth which is yet to be dug out of the soil. The climate, as 
explained in a previous chapter, is semi-tropical and devoid of extremes in > 
heat and cold. The country is the best watered in the world, and its health- 
fulness is as near perfect as that of any section of the Globe. It is only 
necessary to let its attractions and advantages be known to see in a few 
years the entire State dotted with happy homes, churches, schools, and 
villages. Great fertility by virtue of soil the lands of West Florida do not. 
possess, nor can the combination of extreme fertility and health be found 
in any new country. But vegetation here performs the prodigy once attrib- | 
uted to the chamelion, it lives on air. Let it but obtain a hold in the earth, 
and an atmosphere which seldom knows a freeze seems to compel it to grow — 


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15 


16 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 








and come to bloom and fruitage in the fine yields of the country. Drouths 
are not usual, but when they occur crops seem to stand them much better 
than in higher lati- 
tudes. The soil gives 
a generous return for 
all applications of fer- 
tilizers. Nothing is 
grown in East Florida 
north of Melonville, 
that will not grow in 
West Florida, with the 
difference that eligible 
land can be bought in 
the latter section for 
one tenth the prices 
charged in the form- 
er. The first settlers 
in West Florida will 
find a large and re- @ eS : a 
munerative market at 5 
home for their truck and other products; articles now brought from the 
up-country by the train-load to supply the resident and visiting population. 
When the home supply has been met, the farmer will find the lines of trans- 
portation cheap, quick, and reliable, leading to the great Middle and North- 
western States, where the fruit shipper from Florida will not encounter the 
disastrous island competition met with in the cities of the East, where East 
Florida finds its principal markets. The nearer proximity of West Florida 
to the interior markets, by nearly twenty-four hours express and over thirty- 
six hours freight train travel, must create a steady and rapid advance in its 
agricultural interests. 

The new-comer will find lands on the’ railroads for sale, but should other 
points be preferred it requires but a glance at the map to note how all the 
rivers, bays, sounds, and bayous, from the Perdido to the Choctawhatchee 
River, center in Pensacola Bay, making Pensacola their natural business 
metropolis, to whose market crops can be floated safely and cheaply. 

Every description of melon and vegetable, and all the cereals can be 
crown, and of the latter suitable kinds can be used successfully for green 
soiling or for winter pasturage, to assist the immense ranges during the 
months when the grass and cane are least nutritious. It would astonish a 
‘‘down-country”’ planter to see the yield of rice upon these uplands; and 




































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































sugar cane also makes a remunerative return. It is when fruits are consid-— 


ered that the advantages of the country appear pre-eminent, Lands within 


PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 17 


a stone’s throw of the railroad, worth from $2 to $3 per acre, make the 
finest peach orchards in America, the yield being of superior size and flavor, 
and the trees are remarkably long lived. Lands for oranges, lemons, and 
other semi-tropical fruits, unsurpassed by any in the State, can be had at 
from $5 to $25 per acre, which with similar location in East Florida would 
cost $50 to $100 per acre, notwithstanding the advantage of transportation 
is with the cheaper lands. It would be a grave oversight to omit mention- 
ing the prolific pecan tree, the luscious pears and plums and very fair 
apples which the soil produces. 

West Florida seems to be nature’s vineyard, so great is the yield of the 
numerous varieties of grapes. First, the fruit can be sent to supply the 
early markets of the North, and later, wine can be manufactured. For the 
latter purpose the scuppernong, which grows to special perfection, is very 
greatly prized. Lord Raleigh landed in North Carolina, near Newbern, 
nearly two centuries ago; he there tasted the scuppernong for the first time, 
from a vine still in existence, which three years ago, it is said, yielded 
forty-two barrels of wine. 

White, in his description of this grape, says: ‘‘We consider this very 
peculiar grape one of the greatest boons to the South. It has very little 
resemblance to any of the grapes of the other sorts. It is a rampant 
grower and requires little, if any, cultivation. It blooms from the fifteenth 
to the last of June, and ripens its fruit in West Florida about the latter part 
of August. It has no disease in wood, leaf, or fruit, and rarely, if ever, 
fails to produce a heavy crop. We have never known it to fail. Neither 
birds nor insects ever attack the fruit. We are credibly informed that a 
vine of this variety is Nes Ow Ine near Mobile, which has produced two hun- 
dred and fifty bush- 
els of grapes in a 
year, and we know 
that vines ten years 
. old have given and 
will give thirty bush- 
els per vine. From 
_ three to three and 
- a half gallons of 
juice can be gotten 
from a bushel of 
these grapes, ac- 
cording to ripeness. 
It is the sweetest 
and most luscious 











































































































































































































4 4:5 BLUFF SPRINGS MILL, (FROM PHOTOGRAPH.) of any grape we 


18 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. . 








have ever seen or tasted, makes a fine, heavy, high-flavored, fruity wine, 
and is peculiarly adapted to making foaming wines.” 

It would run this theme through innumerable pages to dwell upon the 
luscious strawberries and other delicacies, but, at the risk of being prosy, 
the fig must not be overlooked. This fruit, so delightful when eaten ripe 
from the tree, is the best dried fruit known, and is without a parallel as a 
preserve or pickle. Mr. Alexander Stoddart, of 175 Broadway, New York, 
has now every known variety (twenty-two) on his place, and in a few years 
the pickling for market from his place alone will reach a large amount 
annually. Mr. Stoddart added sixty acres last year to his orange and 
pecan groves and orchards of peaches and figs. His vineyards and straw- 






















































































































































































































































































































































































s Live 


aa ne 
a 


me MSlalels EEN 














































































































BLUFFS, ESCAMBIA BAY. (ILLUSTRATIONS FROM PHOTOGRAPHS.) 


berry beds have been more than doubled, and in another year he will 
be running refrigerator cars to the various markets of the North. 

The Escambia bluffs shown in illustration above are on the place of 
the Yniestra Brothers. At this beautiful spot, a veritable Eden, can be 
found all the products of Florida, including several thousand orange trees. 
The buildings under the bluff are the sheds under which the bricks for the 
Dry Tortugas forts were made. These bluffs extend for miles, offering the 
most desirable location in all Florida for orange groves. 

The land is slightly rolling, dry and arable, except occasional swamps 
near the mouths of rivers and heads of some of the bayous and bays. 
The rain fall is sufficient, and on the streams,with which the country is so_ 
magnificently watered, can be found numerous and superior water-powers. 


J 


| 
4, | 


PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 


a. = 


19 





TURTLE-EGG AND ALLIGATOR HUNTING ON SANTA ROSA. 


Santa Rosa Island is a sand key of the Gulf, forty miles long, and 
varying in breadth from a fifth of a mile to over a mile across; it is the 
breakwater of Pensacola Harbor, and receives the shock of the rolling 
seas of the Gulf of Mexico which often break against it in fury, while the 
waters of the bay within are still as a mill-pond and scarce a ripple washes 
the beach of the city front seven miles away, though the water at the city 
is as salt as that in the center of the Gulf. The sea beach of the island is 
a gently sloping expanse of white sand, back and forth on which the 
advancing and receding waves will glide for hundreds of feet. .You can 
stand where no water is 
one moment, and the 
next be struggling waist 
deep against a surging 
wave that is climbing up 
the strand. This beach 
is the incubator of the 
great turtles of the Gulf. 
Its gradual incline, the 
easily excavated sand 
beyond, and the warm 
southern exposure,adapt 
it to their approach, the 
making of nests, and 
hatching of their eggs. 

So they resort to it for ——— 
this purpose, and in due Ss 
time the young turtles 
are hatched, unless the RESIDENCE OF HON. C. W. JONES, U. S. SENATOR, 

eggs are captured by the various creatures, biped and quadruped, who seek 
them in the season. From Pensacola over to the island is about seven miles, 
and as the land breeze of the night sets fair across the bay, it is a pleasant 
trip of moonlight nights to run over on a sail-boat, land on the bay shore, 
walk across the island, which is not a third of a mile wide opposite the city, 
and seek for ‘‘turtle crawls” on the Gulf beach, or bathe luxuriously in the 
surf. The ‘‘crawl” shows on the sand where the under shell has been 
dragged along, and following this up toa point above the wash of the 
highest waves, the nest is found, usually about two and a half feet below 
the surface. A single nest will contain from roo to 300 eggs. At Sabine 
Pass, on Santa Rosa Island, alligators are found by the ten thousand, and 
are killed in large numbers by hunters who frequent the place. 



























































PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 


20 








PENSACOLA’S TIMBER TRADE. 


The immense forests of 
pitch pine tributary to Pen- 
sacola, notwithstanding the 
large business annually trans- 
acted, have as yet only been 
worked on the edges lying 
alongside the creeks, rivers, 
lakes and bayous. Untold 
acres of virgin forests remain 
to be stripped of the growth 
of many centuries, to give 
place to the farmer, whose 
labor will make the land smile 

























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































=< 


CLG Za 


MUSCOGEE SOUTH MILL. with a luxuriant wealth of 


vegetation. This transition must be gradual, and for years to come Pen- 
sacola’s superior supply, in connection with its absolutely secure harbor 
and a depth of water which can load a vessel to twenty-three feet within 
six feet of cars on the railroad docks, must continue it as the chief timber 
port of the country. The busy whirr of the saw will be heard for at least 
a quarter of a century before existing forests are gone, and as one growth 
is cut away another will spring up where the plow of the farmer does not 
prevent. On the line of the Pensacola Railroad are four mills, two belong- 
ing to the Muscogee Lumber Company, the Molino and Bluff Springs, with | 
a cutting capacity of over sixty millions of superficial feet per annum: At 
Millview, connected with Pensacola by the Pensacola & Perdido Railroad, 
are six mills, with a capacity of sixty-five millions of superficial feet each 
twelve months. Simpson’s mills, Blackwater, Skinner’s, Wright’s, Bay Point, 
Bayou, and others make the aggregate cutting capacity of mills contiguous 
to Pensacola exceed two hundred million feet per annum. In addition to 
this sawn stuff, thousands of pieces of hewn timber are floated down the 
streams to market. Even the forests of the Tombigbee and Alabama rivers 
have been made tributary to Pensacola, by an arrangement to float the 
timber to Tensas Station, Alabama, and transport from that point by rail, 
after it has been loaded by steam machinery. This timber will be dis- 
charged at Pensacola into a boom whose capacity exceeds ten thousand 
sticks. As it is alongside the railroad docks, within the corporate limits of 
the city, and not more than three hundred feet from water thirty feet deep, 
the arrangement must give a wonderful impetus to Pensacola’s timber trade. 
It affords absolute security against blows, and avoids the expense and risk 
of towage from Ferry Pass—in short, it is perfect. 


(‘SHdVYDOLOHd WONA SNOLLV ULSATI) 


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22 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 













































































































































































































































































ESCAMBIA RIVER SCENERY. 


SWEET FLORIDA, GOOD-BYE! 


A SONG. 


- WRITTEN BY MR. DRAKE, CLERK OF MAJ. OGDEN, U. S. ENGINEERS, UPON HIS DEPARTURE FROM FLORIDA. 


(Popular in Pensacola thirty years ago.) 


Sweet Florida, good-bye to thee! 
Thou land of song and flowers, 
Where generous hearts and beauty dwell 
Amid thy fragrant bowers. 
The interest deep, the love I feel, 
Bound by each genial tie, 
Bloom like thy sweet magnolia. 
Sweet Florida, good-bye! 
Sweet Florida, good-bye! 


I go to seek another clime, 
But go where e’er I may, | 
The love I bear to thee and thine 
No change can chase away. 
Santa Rosa’s snow-white sands 
Are fading from my sight; 
Farewell awhile to thee and thine. 
Sweet Florida, good-night! 
Sweet Florida, good-night! 


PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 23 





MOBILE, NEW ORLEANS, AND RESORTS OF THE GULF COAST. 


MOBILE. 


Mobile lies in latitude 30° 41’, at the head of the bay and mouth of the 
river of the same name. ‘The surrounding country, broken into beautiful 
undulations, is covered with pine timber, the resinous exhalations from 
which give such celebrity to this region as conducive to health. These 
hills and valleys are carpeted all the year with green grass which grows 
luxuriantly amid the tall pines of the forest. 

Mobile possesses peculiar attractions to the seeker after pleasure, com. 
fort, or health. Its climate is mild and salubrious; its inhabitants genial, 
hospitable, and refined; its residences abound with evidences of a culti- 
vated taste, and here may be 
seen during the entire win- 
ter flowers in full bloom and 
trees loaded with oranges. 
Here also the mere seeker 
after ease may enjoy that com- 
fort denied in a colder and 
more inhospitable climate,and 
the more robust may enjoy » 
field sports within easy reach 
of the city. The bay swarms 
with fish and ducks. Snipe 
and woodcock frequent the 
savannahs of the pine lands, 
and the rolling hills, rising 
hundreds of feet, are haunts 
of the partridge and deer. 

The water of all this pine region is peculiarly pure, and its streams are 
clear and beautiful. The soil is sandy, and consequently, even in wettest 
weather, there is practical freedom from mud. Fruits and vegetables are 
grown during the entire year in the open air, while fresh and salt water 
fish, and game, complete the attractions of the market. 

No place affords more delightful drives or smoother roads. The visitor 
is confined to no special one, though the loveliest of all is the shell road, 
which leads through groves of magnificent magnolias along the margin 
of the broad and lovely bay. 

This bay lies between many points of interest to the student of history. 
Near its outlet:is Fort Morgan, occupying the site of old Fort Bowyer, 


















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































WOOLSEY ENTRANCE TO NAVY YARD, PENSACOLA. 


24 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 








which once repelled a large British fleet, and where recently a yet more 
famous strife took place. Near this and opposite is Fort Gaines, and 
further on Fort Pow- 
ell, while at the head 
of the bay is Spanish 
Fort. Around all of 
these many memories 
cluster. At various 
contiguous points are 
mounds erected by 
an unknown people, 
and in these mounds 
are found the re- 
mains of these ex- 
tinct races. 

Near the city, on 
the line of the Mobile 
& Ohio Railroad, are 
many healthful re- 
sorts, chief among 
which is Citronelle, 
a village rapidly becoming famous for the salubritry of its atmosphere, so 
peculiarly favorable to those suffering from pulmonary disease. This town 
is reached by a special accommodation train in addition to the daily mail 
service. And along the eastern shore of the bay are villages, with cheap 
and comfortable accommodations for boarders, as far as Point Clear, where 
there is a large, commo- 
dious, and well-kept ho- 
tel, all reached daily by 
a pleasant trip on a fine 
low-pressure steamer. 
From Mobile to New Or- 
leans, distant 140 miles, 
the railroad skirts the 
Gulf of Mexico, and all 
along are villages and 
cottages where may be 
combined the peculiar 
attractions of this coast - 
and all the appliances of 
civilization—daily mails, 


































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































: il = 
———— 






















































































BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF NAVY YARD, PENSACOLA. 



















































































































































































RUINS OF OLD SPANISH FORT NEAR PENSACOLA. telegraphs, and rapid 


PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 25 








transit to near and great centers of population. All this region is expedi- 
tiously and pleasantly reached by the Mobile & Ohio R. R., which stretches 
out its arms 500 miles northward, and by the Montgomery & Mobile R’y, 
extending to Montgomery, with connections to all points west and north, 
inviting from colder climes the pleasure seeker, tired man of business, and 
invalid, to enjoy themselves and recuperate in its balmy air. 















































































































































































































































































































































| 


F i 


hw 








“As 


jUNUDUOUDAUOOUONEOUS 


































































































YNIESTRA BLOCK, PENSACOLA. (FROM PHOTOGRAPH.) 


NEW ORLEANS. 


New Orleans! How the mere sound comes freighted with visions of 
pleasure, luxury and comfort. The Paris of America it certainly is, but 
its delights are not confined to the gayeties of life. Within its abundant 
resources every taste and disposition find their full measure of pleasure 
and ease. It would be a superfluity for these pages to dwell upon the 
attractions of this glorious old city, for they would repeat things charming 
enough in themselves, but as familiar all over the country as household 
words. | 

The tourist would be well repaid by a visit to this grand old city, filled 
with monuments of historic lore. Here are the famous plains of Chal- 
mette, memorable by the rout of the British by Jackson. Here also Forts 
St. Philip and Jackson defending the entrance to the city. 


26 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 





The French Market is a unique feature of New Orleans, with its many 
varied and attractive stalls laden with every luxury in the shape of game, 
fruit, vegetables, fish, oranges, etc. One meets representatives of all the 
nations of the earth, all talking at the same time in their respective tongues, 
and making a perfect Babel of sounds. ‘This market is celebrated over the 
entire country for its delightful coffee, and no visitor to the city fails to visit 
the market for the purpose of trying it. 

Numberless lines of city railway cars traverse the principal streets, 
affording rapid transit from one point of interest to another. The Branch 
Mint, on Esplanade Street, when in operation, is well worth a visit. <A ride 
on the levee, with its forests of masts and shipping, steamers, flat-boats, 
and barges which line its side for miles, is novel and pleasant. 

The Jockey Club Course, Fair Grounds, and the various cemeteries, 
monuments, churches, and other public buildings, afford innumerable 
points of attraction. In fact it would take too much time and space to begin 
to enumerate the many points of interest or places of amusement, for their 
name is legion. ‘This city is noted for the hospitality of its people and the 
beauty and elegance of its women. 

Previous to the opening of the New Orleans & Mobile Railroad the 
attractions of the Gulf Coast of Mississippi, either as a summer or winter 
resort, were of comparatively local celebrity. ‘The only means of commu- 
nication was a daily line of steamers, running between New Orleans and 
Mobile, and stopping at the various points along the coast; and yet thou- 
sands of families from 
the interior of the states 
adjoining were regular 
visitors, season after 
season, while a great 
many built residences 
and occupied them per- 
manently. But from 
the date of the opening 
of the railroad, and the 
more rapid, frequent, 
: =| BSA | and convenient coni- 
Ob urns Janes FOATUARUEUU AGORA) py A wmunication thus estab- 
: lished, the advantages 
of a sojourn on the 
the coast became more 
widely known, and peo- 
ple from all parts of the 




























































































me Hl 






















































































PLEA 


A PINEY WOODS HOME, FLORIDA, (FROM PHOTOGRAPH.) country came, both as 


PENSACOLA AND. ITS SURROUNDINGS. 27 





























summer and winter == SS 
visitors. Possessing = = / 
a remarkably mild, | 
pleasant and healthy 
climate, fanned by 
the salt day breezes 
from the Gulf, the 
shade heat of sum- 
mer rarely exceeds 
85°, and the cold of 
winter scarcely ever 
reaches the freezing 
poi. Lhe great. 
abundance of game, 
fish,and oysters, and 
the fine sailing, row- 
ing, and bathing, en- 
tice the visitor to that 
healthful out-door 
recreation which 
makes a sojourn at any of the points along the coast no less enjoyable than 
beneficial to heaith. 

Beginning at Waveland Station—about forty-five miles from New Or- 
leans—a line of residences, almost unbroken except by the bays and inlets 
of the coast, extends for nearly fifty miles. Clustering together here and 
there, by the side of some broad and quiet bay, these seaside homes form 
themselves into villages, at which the railroad company has established 
stations, and where the visitor finds hotel or boarding-house accommo- 
dations, churches, schools, and all facilities for healthful enjoyment. 

A vast pine forest, seventy-five to one hundred miles wide, and reach- 
ing almost the whole length of the coast, mingles its balsamic odors with 
the salt breezes of the Gulf, bringing health to the feeble and pleasure to 
all. Millions of wild fowl of all descriptions swarm about the bays and 
marshes during the winter months, and the hunter never fails to bring back 
abundance of game from his excursions among the neighboring islands. 

Oranges of unsurpassed flavor are grown in abundance along the whole 
coast. Not a residence or hotel that does not have its bearing orange 
trees, and at various places extensive orchards of this most delicious fruit 
are to be seen flourishing side by side with the peach, pear, apple, fig, and 
olive tree. In addition to the attractions of a healthful, mild and equable 
climate, fully equal in all respects to that of Florida, a short ride over one 
of the finest and best equipped railroads in the country, takes the visitor 






































































































































W\ 


aK 
PENSACOLA & PERDIDO RAILROAD WHARF, PENSACOLA, 








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28 PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. 


OS A ES 


sojourning on this coast to New Orleans or Mobile, and thus combines all 
the pleasures and comforts of city life with those of the winter resort. No 
traveler, seeking either health or pleasure, will fail to appreciate the advan- 
tage of this nearness to the unvarying round of winter amusements for 
which’ New Orleans is so justly celebrated. 



































































































































































































































jew 
W EPERSEEGN 
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CONTINENTAL HOTEL, PENSACOLA, (FROM PHOTOGRAPH.) 


WAVELAND STATION—47 Miles from New Orleans. 


At this point the residences on the coast begin, and extend side by side, 
to the bay of St. Louis. There are as yet no hotels, but several private 
boarding-houses will accommodate visitors. The soil is well adapted to 
the culture of almost all fruits and vegetables. Several extensive orange 
orchards and scuppernong vineyards are now under successful cultivation. 


BAY ST. LOUIS—52 Miles from New Orleans. 


This thriving village is situated on the western shore of the Bay of St. 
Louis, and extends around on the Gulf front. There are three very com- 
fortable hotels and many private boarding-houses. Population about 2,000. 
Episcopal, Presbyterian, Methodist, and Catholic congregations. Two 
public and several excellent private schools for both sexes. One of the 
loveliest views in the South is that presented to the traveler approaching 
Bay St. Louis by the railroad from the east. The broad Bay on the right, 
and the waters of the Gulf on the left, with the beautiful sweep of the 


nw 


PENSACOLA AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. ; 29 











shore, covered with verdure, and crowned with its line of neat white cot- 
-tages, form a picture of calm and lovely beauty which can not but charm 
the senses of the traveler seeking rest or health. The railroad company 
has erected a costly and handsome station-house at this point, where pas- 
sengers breakfast and dine. 

Commencing far up the shore of the Bay, a well kept shell road, eight 
miles in length, runs along the top of the bluff around the point, and west- 
ward on the Gulf shore for several miles, making one of the finest drives 
in the country. Several large oak groves in the vicinity of the station are 
being fitted up by the railroad company for picnic grounds. 




























































































































































































































































































































































































Ni) 
F Pa TUT 
































TIN NTT 





I 


R. MALLORY, EX-SEC’Y C.S. NAVY, 


= = = = — 5 OE SSE == 


STREET SCENE, PENSACOLA, WITH RESIDENCE OF LATE HON. S 
IN CENTER. 


PASS CHRISTIAN—58 Miles from New Orleans. 


Pass Christian has a permanent population of about 2,000. There are 
three handsome church edifices: Episcopal, Presbyterian, and Catholic. 
Three public schools, a fine school for young ladies, and a very excellent 
private school for boys; also a Catholic institution for small children. 
Several good hotels and private boarding-houses. Furnished houses can 
be had at reasonable rates by the month or season. Pass Christian is justly 
celebrated for the number of handsome residences it contains, and for its 
fine shell road, extending along the entire water front of the village. 


MISSISSIPPI CITY—7o Miles from New Orleans. 

Mississippi City is the county seat of Harrison County. It has a per- 
manent population of about 4oo. Two good hotels—the Tegarden Hotel, 
situated near the station, and convenient to the water, and Barnes Hotel, 
directly on the front. Excellent fishing and boating all the year around. 


30 PENSACOLA AND LTS SURROUNDINGS. 





BILOXI—8o0 Miles from New Orleans. 


Biloxi has a permanent population of over 2,100, and is one of the 
most thriving towns on the coast. It is situated on a peninsula formed by 
the Back Bay of Biloxi and the Gult, being thus almost surrounded by fine 
fishing and ducking ground. Deer Island, a narrow strip of land, a short 
distance off the front of the town, is a favorite resort for both hunters and 
‘fishermen. ‘There are four churches: Methodist, Baptist, Episcopal, and 
Catholic. Good public schools, and several fine private educational instt- 
tutions. The Montross House and other.fine hotels and boarding-houses 
offer excellent accommodation to visitors. 






























































































































































































































































































































































Si 


MOLINO MILLS, PENSACOLA RAILROAD, 





OCEAN SPRINGS—85 Miles from New Orleans. 


The situation of Ocean Springs differs from other towns along the coast, 
in the fact that the land here rises to a greater altitude and is more broken 
or rolling. On the west it faces the Bay of Biloxi, and on the south the 
Gulf. At various points in the town and vicinity mineral springs, posses- 
sing rare medicinal qualities, are found, the virtues of which were tradi- 
tional with the Indians who formerly inhabited the coast. The population 
of the town is about 1,900. There are four churches: Methodist, Baptist, 
Episcopal, and Catholic. One public school and four private institutions 
of learning. The Ocean Springs Hotel has been recently purchased by 
Northern parties, and completely furnished, with a view to the entertain- 
ment of Northern visitors. In addition to the fishing, hunting, and boat. 
ing to be enjoyed at this point, the mineral springs are highly recommended 
by the medical faculty for the relief of many chronic diseases. 
























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“BRS cles - WITH = a CAM (). oe 


FROM ALL POINTS 


NORTH, EAST AND WEST 


THE DIRECT LINE 


To Pensacola, ie 


LS 








TWO DAILY EXPRESS 2 haa 


RUNNING 


Pullman Jlalace Cars Chrangh 


LEAVE LOUISVILLE, MAKING CLOSE AND DIRECT CONNECTIONS 
ALL THE WAY THROUGH. 


THERE ARE NO DETENTIONS ! 
NO UNPLEASANT CHANGES! 








The Route Through is composed of A No.1 RAIL LINES, unsurpassed 
by any Route in the South. 


ShEEG ANG COMEOCRE CUSE4NSEES. 


Eg al eB iY 


Louisville and Great Southern Line. 





C. P, ATMORE, Gen’l Passenger and Ticket Agent. 


MOBILE & OHIO RAILROAD 


THE POPULAR LINE BETWEEN 


New Orleans, Mobile, dda 


AND ALL POINTS SOUTH AND SOUTHWEST, 


AND 


ONG, O=———- 


fae VECO ST AND Si. LOWS. 











THE ONLY LINE RUNNING 


PULIMAN PALACH AND SLEEPING CARS 


Between St. Louis and Mew Orleans, 


SV rtOouUT CHANGES 
CONNECTIONS. 


-_ At COLUMBUS, KY., with St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern Railway. 
At UNION CITY, with Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway. 

At RIVES, with Paducah & Memphis Railroad. 

At HUMBOLDT, with Louisville & Nashville & Great Southern Railroad. 

At JACKSON, TENN., with Mississippi Central Railroad. 

At CORINTH, with Memphis & Charleston Railroad. 

At MERIDIAN, with Ala. & Chat., Ala. Cent., and Vicks. & Meridian R. R’ds. 
At MOBILE, with New Orleans & Mobile Railroad. 

At MOBILE, with Mobile & Montgomery Railway for PENSACOLA. 


PASSENGER TRAINS ARE FULLY EQUIPPED WITH 


Westinghouse Air Brake and Miller's Safety Platform and Coupler, 


Tickets can be obtained via this Route at all 
PRINCIPAL TICKET OFFICES IN THE U.S. AND CANADA. 
RATES ALWAYS AS LOW AS VIA ANY OTHER LINE. 


A. L. RIVES, . C. FLEMING, CHAS. L. FITCH, 
Gen’! Manager. Ass’t Gen’] Sup" te Gen’! Pass. cil Soak 








B&S-For a Copy of this Book Free send your ae to W. D, CHIPLEY, Gen'l Manager P.R.R., Pensacola, Fia 


FLORIDA. 


The wonderful salubrity of the climate of Florida is destined to make it the refuge 
of those who seek to escape the rigor of a Northern winter, so that the choice of a route 
is, of course, the first and most important consideration to those who intend going there. 
We would, therefore, invite the attention of our friends and patrons to the splendid 
facilities afforded by the 


ST. LOUIS & SOUTHEASTERN RAILWAY. 


Being the SHORT LINE between St. Louis and the Southeast, the traveler saves many 
miles by purchasing his tickets via this popular route. 


pia 
he St. Wonis 


RAILWAY, 


G=THE SHORT LING 


And positively the Best Route from 


ST. LOUIS T0 NASHVILLE, TENN, 


Where it connects for all points 


SOUTH AND SOUTEHHAST. 


INCLUDING 





outheastern 


Chattanooga, Atlanta, Augusta, Macon, Brunswick Savannah, Jacksonville, 
Fla., Charleston, Decatur, Huntsville, Montgomery, Pensacola, 
Mobile, New Orleans, Bristol, Knoxville, Lynchburg, 

Petersburg, Norfolk, and Richmond, 


THUS FORMING THE 


Great Trunk Route between these Points, St. Louis and the Great West, 


Travelers, remember this is the PASSENGER AND MAIL ROUTE. 
It affords you the advantage of 


Bullman Palace Sleeping Cars on all Might Zrains 


. 


Arrangements have. been made whereby we are enabled to furnish Tourists with 


ROUND-TRIP TICKETS TO PENSACOLA, FLORIDA 


AT GREATLY REDUCED RATES. 


Also, EMIGRANT TICKETS have been placed on sale by this Line, and special 
inducements are offered to Colonists and Emigrants. 


J. H, WILSON, Gen’l Manager. JNO. W. MASS, Gen’l Pass. & Ticket Agent. 
B&S-For.a Copy of this Book Free send your address to W. D, CHIPLEY, Gen’l Manager P:R.R., Pensacola, Fla. 





New Grleans § Mobile Raitroal 


NEW ORLEANS 


) AND (— 


A Tits POINTS TN ex AS 


VIA THE 








WEawW ORLaANS, via. 
Washington, Richmond, or Lynchburg and Atlanta. 
THROUGH PULLMAN CARS PHILADELPHIA to NEW ORLEANS WITHOUT CHANGE, 


TNE VV 5s OoR LA BASIN SS) VA. 


CINCINNATE LOUISVILEZ+ MOBILE 


Through Pullman Cars New York to Cincinnati—Through Pullman Cars Cincinnati to New Orleans, 


ae via Montgomery can take Pensacola en route, or passengers via Mobile 
can diverge at that point for a visit to the Bay City. 

As an additional feature for the accommodation of Western Travel going South, 
attention is called to the 


RieOUGH PULEMAN SLEEPING CAR 


Leaving St. Louis daily, at 10 P. M. on the 
St. Louis & gron Mountain, Mobile & Qhio and Mew @rleans & Mobile Road 


Arriving at New Orleans at 11.25 A. M. the second morning. 
Connection with this car is made from Eastern Cities, via Chicago or Indianapolis 
by either of the Great Trunk Lines Westward, without change of Cars. 


Peer, [HE ADVANTAGES OF MODERN TRAVEL 


Are thus given to every section of the country over 


eee e/a ee a EIN, et! 


The equipment of this line ‘‘has no equal south of the Ohio River.” 

The engines are of the first class, and always in perfect order. 

The Day Parlor Cars are models of elegance, fully equipped with the Automatic 
Air Brake, and all conveniences for the toilet. 

Elegant Eating-Houses, smooth track, beautiful views and fast time. 
S. HE. CAREY, F. P. MARSH, D. B. ROBINSON, 

G. P. & T. A, New Orleans. EK. P. Agent, New York. Sup’t, New Orleans. 





B@S~For a Copy of this Book Free send your address to W. D, CHIPLEY, Gen’l Manager P.R.R., Pensacola, Fla, 


Speen AO oe Ea bi 


St onis, ron fountain & Souther 


RAILWAY 


OFFEHRS THH BHST HROVUTTSH 














ENSACOTS 


Mobile and Mew Qrleans. 













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mk 


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Moxy PRS S kA res 


WITH 


PULLMAN SLEEPING CARS 


TO PRINCIPAL POINTS 


Through Without Change. 


For Particulars call upon or address E. A. FORD, Gen’l Passenger Agent, 
Louis, Mo.; or 


H. H. MARLEY, Northern Pass. Agent, 104 Clark St., Chicago, Ill. 
B@&For a Copy of this Book Free send your address to W, Ds CHIPLEY, Gen’! Manager P.R.R., Pensacola, Fla, 








co Pe Bg ce BEST fe 


Mosite & MonteoMeay 


ee Aes ee Wee Patan pacer 


Is THE 


Sook PA OROUGHPFARE 


22 SO RE Ss a ot 














285. 
\* 
— 
\ SAY w= WY 


Seley onan = ae 


Soe) Ge Ee LS 


AND THE 


Cities in Southern and Central Texas. 





The longest continuous lines of Sleeping Cars in the world are run over this line, 


which, on account of its 


Natural Position, Rapid Transit and Sure Connections, 


Has been awarded the Fast Southern Mail. This line is equipped with all the modern 
appliances—Westinghouse Automatic Air-Brakes, Miller Platforms, etc. 

Consult the latest official Time Tables, AND COMPARE THEM WITH ALL OTHER 
ROUTES, and see the advantages gained in points of time and seasonable hours of 


arrival and departure at all principal cities. 


EDMUND L. TYLER, Vice-Pres’t and Sup’t, GEO. NASON, Gen. Pass. and Fr’t Ag’t, 


MONTGOMERY, ALA. MOBILE, ALA. 





B&-For a Copy of this Book Free send your address to W D, CHIPLEY, Gen”! Manager P.R.R,, Pensacola, Fla, 


EXCURSION RATES 














43 FLORIDA! % 


Pensacola Railroad 


IS THE ONBY Ei Nes 
Flovitla can be reached with Hxcnesion Cichets 


INQUIRE OF TICKET AGENTS EVERYWHERE. 


CHEAP HOM a 


ON LONG CREDIT. 


THE PENSACOLA RAILROAD WILL SELL 80,000 ACRES OF LAND 
UPON THE FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: 





EVERY ALTERNATE QUARTER SECTION (:60 Acres), 
OR EVERY ALTERNATE HALF SECTION (320 Acres), 
Will be sold to actual settlers who will make improvements, at 


10 Cents per Acre Cash; 

25 Cents per Acre in one year, no interest; 

25 Cents per Acre in two years, no interest; 

25 Cents per Acre in three years, no interest; 

25 Cents per Acre in four years, no interest ; 

$3 for Cost of Deed. 

Let the many who are looking to Florida as their future home ‘‘ prospect ”’ in the 
West, as well as the South and East, before they determine on localities. The Western 


portion of Florida can well afford to risk the comparison. 
For further information, or a copy of this Book /7ee, address 


W.D. CHIPLEY, Gen’l Manager, Pensacola, Fla. 


ee eer ee et rae RA VOR La ee 2? 








ae: EORETISES ¢ CLNCLTTS TE ee 
eee | LN E 
$= ie See he 
RAILROAD. 


THE QUICKEST, BEST AND ONLY LINE 


| 











® 
| 


With which Passengers from the South make direct connection at Louisville with 
meer VAN PALACE SLEEPING CARS 
Running through to 
Gitisburg, Harrisburg, Bhiladelphia, New York and other Eastern cities 
BV erotik teem. Grete ASIN CoH. 





This is the Only Line by which Pullman Southern Sleepers are run from New 
Orleans, Mobile, Jackson, Miss., Montgomery, Grenada, Decatur, Jack- 
son, Tenn., and Nashville to Cincinnati, and from Cincinnati to same 
points without change. 

The Only Line by which Pullman Palace Sleepers are run between Louisville 
New York and other Eastern Cities without change. Passengers en route 
to or from Pensacola have no change of cars via this line between Cin- 
cinnati and Pensacola (Junction.) 

Through Sleepers from Atlanta, Chattanooga, Little Rock, Memphis and 
Vicksburg make direct connection at Short Line Junction with Through 
Sleepers to New York and other Eastern Cities. 

This ts the only line running its entire trains from Louisville to Cincinnati and 
vice versa thereby causing no delay to Passengers (incident to other 
lines) by having to wait at Junctional Stations for delayed trains from 
other points in order to proceed to their destination. 

lt is Stone Ballasted, has a smooth track, and Is entirely free from dust. 

Tickets can be purchased via this line at all Ticket Offices in the North, 
East and South. Ask for Tickets via the Louisville and Cincinnati Short 
Pinenrces Cac LR. R.) 


S. S. PARKER, Gen'l P. & T. A. JOHN MAC LEOD, Gen'l Sup'’t. 
‘JOHN KILKENY, Gen’l Traveling Passenger Agent. 


B2-For a Copy of this Book Free send your address to W. D. CHIPLEY, Gen’! Manager P.R.R., Pensacola, Fla. 





The Best Route to Florida, 


The Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati & Indianapolis Railway (Bee Line) is 
the only Direct and Commodious Route from Ontario, Western 
New York, Northern Pennsylvania, and Ohio, 


To Pensacola, New Orleans, Mobile, 


BILOXI, MISSISSIPPI CITY, PASS CHRISTIAN, 


| And all Pleasure Resorts of the Gulf Coast. 
ONLY ONE CHANGE Of UDCA 


THREE TRAINS DAILY VIA INDIANAPOLIS. 
TWO TRAINS DAILY VIA CINCINNATI. 


(Morning Trains from Cleveland do not run Sunday.) 





For particular information inquire of your nearest ticket agent, or address the under- 


signed. 
S. F. PIERSON, Gen’! Ticket Agent. 


€ ouier- -Hewrnal | Hob Yoon: 


BR, W. MEREDITH & CO., Proprietors, 


ailroad Qrinters 


ENGRAVERS, LITHOGRAPHERS, 








= BINDERS, 
|BLANK BOOK MAKERS. 








—~-—»—4- = 


2 Hailroad Stationers and Supplies. 
ao , | . Ki 


| CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 
ESTIMATES FURNISHED. 





This pamphlet was issued from our Establishment. 


For a Copy Free send your address to W. D. CHIPLEY, General Manager Pensacola 
Railroad, Pensacola, Fla. 





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OWNED BY THE 


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